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Local gravity
Gravitational acceleration varies depending on latitude and elevation due to the geometric shape and rotation of the Earth.
Gravity is one of the four fundamental forces of physics (gravity, electromagnetism, strong force and weak force), it is a phenomenon that is appreciated only on a large scale such as in planets or galaxies, this is because it is the weakest force known, it is presented as an attraction in bodies with a lot of mass or energy as a consequence of a curvature of space-time.
Gravity is not uniform across the Earth's surface due to several factors:
Shape of the Earth: Our planet is not a perfect sphere; it is an oblate spheroid, flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. This means that at the poles you are closer to the Earth's center than at the equator, which slightly increases gravity in those regions. However, the reality is even more complex: variations in the planet's density and irregularities in the Earth's surface make the Earth's true shape more like a geoid.
Earth's rotation: The Earth's rotation generates a centrifugal force that partially counteracts gravity, especially at the equator, where this force is greatest, thus reducing effective gravity.
Altitude: The higher the altitude, that is, the further you are from sea level, the less gravity there is, since you are further from the Earth's center.
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